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IGCSE Computer Science 0478 Paper 13, May/June 2023

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0478/13 · May/June 2023

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1

Computers store data as binary. The binary number 10101110 is stored.

a

Convert the binary number to denary.

[1]
b

Convert the binary number to hexadecimal.

[2]
c(i)

A logical left shift of three places is performed on the binary number. Give the 8-bit binary number that would be stored after this logical left shift.

[1]
c(ii)

Tick (✓) one box to show which statement is true about the impact the logical left binary shift would have on the binary number. A The least significant bits are lost. B The most significant bits are lost. C The number has been divided by six. D The number stays the same.

[1]
d

Add the two 8-bit binary numbers 11101110 and 00110001 using binary addition. Give your answer in binary. Show all your working.

[4]
e

The denary number 301 needs to be stored. Calculate the least number of bits that can be used to store the denary number 301.

[1]
f

The hexadecimal number A4D needs to be stored. Calculate the least number of bits that can be used to store the hexadecimal number A4D.

[1]
2

A library has a self-checkout system that allows customers to register books that they want to borrow. The self-checkout system has a central processing unit (CPU). The CPU has two cores.

a

State the purpose of a core in the CPU.

[1]
b

The CPU is replaced with one that has four cores. Explain the effect this has on the performance of the self-checkout system.

[2]
c(i)

The CPU contains registers and buses. Describe the role of a register in the CPU.

[2]
c(ii)

Identify one bus that can be found in the CPU and explain its purpose in the fetch–decode–execute cycle. Bus .................................................................................................................................... Purpose .............................................................................................................................

[3]
d

The self-checkout system allows the user to input their library membership number. Give two appropriate input devices that would allow the user to do this. 1 ................................................................................................................................................ 2 ................................................................................................................................................

[2]
e

The self-checkout system uses a monitor to display information about the book. Users who are blind also need to use the self-checkout system. Give an appropriate output device that would allow a blind user to be given this information.

[1]
f

The self-checkout system uses two types of primary storage. Circle two types of primary storage that would be used in the system. compact disk (CD) digital versatile disk (DVD) hard disk drive (HDD) random access memory (RAM) read only memory (ROM) universal serial bus (USB) flash memory drive

[2]
g

The self-checkout system is linked to a stock control system that is updated every time a book is borrowed from the library. A microprocessor is used in the stock control system to update the stock. Explain the role of the microprocessor in this system and how it is used to update the stock when a book is borrowed.

[3]
3

Five network terms or definitions are given in the table. Complete the table by giving the missing term or definition.

[5]
4

A programmer writes a computer program in a high-level language.

a

Tick (✓) one box to show which statement is a benefit of writing a program in a high-level language, instead of a low-level language. A The program can directly manipulate the hardware. B The program is machine independent. C The program is more memory efficient. D The program is quicker to execute.

[1]
b(i)

Translators are used to translate the high-level language so that it can be processed by the computer. State what the high-level language is translated into.

[1]
b(ii)

One translator converts and executes the code line by line. Identify which type of translator would do this.

[1]
b(iii)

One translator creates an error report displaying all the errors in the code before it can be executed. Identify which type of translator would do this.

[1]
b(iv)

One translator creates an executable file. Identify which type of translator would do this.

[1]
5

Complete and annotate the diagram to demonstrate how packet switching is used to transmit data across a network, including the use of routers, from Device A to Device B.

[4]
6

A student is writing a help guide about how to recognise and avoid the cyber-security threat of pharming.

a

Give three appropriate solutions he could include. 1 ................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................... 2 ................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................... 3 ................................................................................................................................................ ...................................................................................................................................................

[3]
b

The student also wants to include information in the help guide about the use of social engineering as a cyber-security threat. Describe what is meant by social engineering. Include one example of social engineering in your answer.

[3]
c

The student includes information about the security solution of access levels. Describe what is meant by access levels.

[3]
7

The rule base and the inference engine are two components of an expert system.

a

Identify the other two components of an expert system. 1 ................................................................................................................................................ 2 ................................................................................................................................................

[2]
b

Describe the role of the rule base in an expert system.

[2]
8

Complete the statements about a distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack. Use the terms from the list. Some of the terms in the list will not be used. You should only use a term once. anti-virus bot botnet hacker internet malware secondary storage spyware web browser web server website The attacker encourages people to download ...................................................................... onto their computer. This will turn each computer into a ...................................................................... , creating a network called a ...................................................................... . When the attacker wants the DDoS to take place, repeated requests are simultaneously sent from the computers to a ...................................................................... . This causes it to crash, meaning that users can no longer access the ...................................................................... that is stored on this hardware.

[5]
9

A device can be given an internet protocol (IP) address. This can be an IPv4 or IPv6.

a

Give one similarity between IPv4 and IPv6.

[1]
b

Describe two differences between IPv4 and IPv6. 1 ................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... 2 ................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

[4]
c(i)

A web page is requested using an IP address. Identify the system that stores a database of uniform resource locators (URLs) and their corresponding IP addresses.

[1]
c(ii)

Identify the software that sends a request to the IP address to obtain the web page data.

[1]
10

A computer has pages A, B and C that are stored in RAM. Page D needs to be sent to the RAM but the RAM is full. Page B is not needed immediately. Explain how virtual memory can be used in this scenario.

[4]
11

Software is installed on a computer to manage files, memory and multitasking.

a

State the name of the software that can do these tasks.

[1]
b

Give one task that the software allows the user to do to manage files.

[1]
c

Describe what is meant by managing memory.

[2]
d

A signal is sent within the computer to allow multitasking to occur. State the name of this type of signal.

[1]

Mark scheme

0478/13 · May/June 2023

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1a · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    174

1b · 2 marks

  • 1 mark

    A

  • 1 mark

    E

1c(i) · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    01110000

1c(ii) · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    B

1d · 4 marks

  • 1 mark

    Correct first nibble (0001)

  • 1 mark

    Correct second nibble (1111)

  • 1 mark

    Correct carries (or other correct working method)

  • 1 mark

    Identification of overflow error (1)

1e · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    9

1f · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    12

2a · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    To perform a fetch-decode-execute cycle // To process / execute an instruction

2b · 2 marks

  • 1 mark

    It may increase the performance

  • 1 mark

    … because more instructions can be processed simultaneously

2c(i) · 2 marks

  • 1 mark

    To store / holds data / address / instruction

  • 1 mark

    … temporarily

2c(ii) · 3 marks

  • 1 mark

    Correct name of bus (Address bus / Data bus / Control bus)

  • 1 mark

    Matching description first part (e.g. Transmit / carries addresses/data/control signals …)

  • 1 mark

    Matching description second part (e.g. … between components in the CPU / from the control unit to other components in the CPU)

2d · 2 marks

  • 1 mark

    Keyboard // Keypad // Mouse // Touchscreen // Digital camera // QR code scanner // Barcode scanner // 2D scanner // Microphone

  • 1 mark

    A second distinct input device from the list

2e · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    Speakers // Headphones

2f · 2 marks

  • 1 mark

    random access memory (RAM)

  • 1 mark

    read only memory (ROM)

2g · 3 marks

  • 1 mark

    Receives data from the self-checkout system

  • 1 mark

    Compares the book data received to stored book data (… that is a database of stock)

  • 1 mark

    If the book is found it decrements the book stock by 1 // If the book is not found an error message is displayed

3 · 5 marks

  • 1 mark

    router

  • 1 mark

    IP address definition: this address is assigned by the network and used to identify a device on a network

  • 1 mark

    network interface card (NIC) definition: this is a component in a device that enables it to connect to a network

  • 1 mark

    MAC address

  • 1 mark

    firewall // proxy-server

4a · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    B

4b(i) · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    Machine code // low-level language // object code

4b(ii) · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    Interpreter

4b(iii) · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    Compiler

4b(iv) · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    Compiler

5 · 4 marks

  • 1 mark

    Packets sent through several routers

  • 1 mark

    … taking different routes from device A to device B

  • 1 mark

    Packets arrive out of order

  • 1 mark

    Packets being reordered when all arrived at device B

6a · 3 marks

  • 1 mark

    Checking the spelling and tone of the email/website

  • 1 mark

    Checking the URL attached to a link // Scanning a download with anti-malware

  • 1 mark

    Only downloading data / software from trusted sources // Never providing personal details online // Install a firewall to check if the website is valid

6b · 3 marks

  • 1 mark

    Manipulating / deceiving / tricking people …

  • 1 mark

    … to obtain data // to force them to make an error

  • 1 mark

    Any suitable example of social engineering

6c · 3 marks

  • 1 mark

    Providing users with different permission for the data

  • 1 mark

    Limiting access to reading data limiting the data that can be viewed

  • 1 mark

    Limiting access to editing data // limiting the data that can be deleted / changed // Normally linked to a username

7a · 2 marks

  • 1 mark

    Interface

  • 1 mark

    Knowledge base

7b · 2 marks

  • 1 mark

    Stores the rules for the system (… for the inference engine to use)

  • 1 mark

    Used to link the facts in the knowledge base

8 · 5 marks

  • 1 mark

    Malware

  • 1 mark

    Bot

  • 1 mark

    Botnet

  • 1 mark

    Web server

  • 1 mark

    Website

9a · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    They can both be used to identify a device (on a network) // They can both be static / dynamic // They are both unique (to a device on a network) // They can both be assigned by a router // They can both be public/private

9b · 4 marks

  • 1 mark

    IPv4 is usually written as denary … IPv6 usually written as hexadecimal

  • 1 mark

    IPv4 is separated using dots … Pv6 is separated using colons

  • 1 mark

    IPv4 is 32-bit … IPv6 is 128-bit

  • 1 mark

    IPv4 is 4 groups of digits … IPv6 is 8 groups of digits // IPv4 digits are between 0 and 255 … IPv6 digits are between 0000 and FFFF // IPv4 all 0s are displayed … IPv6 can use double colons to replace repeated groups of 0000 // IPv4 has fewer available unique addresses ... IPv6 has more available unique addresses

9c(i) · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    Domain name server // DNS

9c(ii) · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    Web browser

10 · 4 marks

  • 1 mark

    The secondary storage / hard drive can be partitioned to create the virtual memory

  • 1 mark

    … and page B sent to the virtual memory …

  • 1 mark

    … which makes space for page D in RAM

  • 1 mark

    … Once page A / C / D / another page is not required / has been processed // … page B can be sent from the virtual memory back to RAM when it is required

11a · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    Operating system

11b · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    Create a file // Copy a file // Open a file // Close a file // Move a file // Delete a file // Rename a file // Save a file // Sort files

11c · 2 marks

  • 1 mark

    Keeping track of the status of each memory location // Managing the movement of data to and from RAM // Checks that processes have enough memory located to them

  • 1 mark

    Makes sure that two processes don’t try to access the same memory location // Manage the transfer of pages between virtual memory and RAM // Allows multitasking

11d · 1 mark

  • 1 mark

    Interrupt

Questions

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  2. 2
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  3. 3
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  4. 4
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  5. 5
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  6. 6
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  7. 7
    Question 74 marks
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  8. 8
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  9. 9
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  10. 10
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  11. 11
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