IGCSE Physics 0625 Paper 43, May/June 2023

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0625/43 · May/June 2023

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Fig. 1.1 shows a balloon filled with helium gas. The mass of the balloon is $120 kg$ .

Calculate the weight of the balloon. Show your working. weight = .........................................................

[1]

The resultant force on the balloon is $54 N$ . Show that the acceleration of the balloon is $0.45 {m/s}^{2}$ .

[2]

The balloon accelerates upwards from rest at $0.45 {m/s}^{2}$ for $8.0 s$ . Calculate the velocity of the balloon after $8.0 s$ . velocity = .........................................................

[2]

Calculate the distance travelled by the balloon in the first $8.0 s$ . distance = .........................................................

[2]

a(i)

Define pressure.

[1]

a(ii)

Describe how pressure in a liquid varies with its depth and with its density. variation with depth variation with density

[2]

State two energy resources for which the Sun is not the main source. 1 ................................................................................................................................ 2 ................................................................................................................................

[2]

c(i)

State and explain whether each of the following methods of electrical power generation is renewable. power generation in a nuclear power station statement .......................................................................................................................... explanation ........................................................................................................................

[2]

c(ii)

power generation from waves in the sea statement .......................................................................................................................... explanation ........................................................................................................................

[2]

a(i)

State which state of matter, solid, liquid or gas, has the greatest thermal expansion and which has the least. greatest expansion ........................................... least expansion ................................................

[2]

a(ii)

Describe, in terms of the motion and arrangement of particles, the structures of solids and gases. solids ................................................................................................................................. gases .................................................................................................................................

[3]

b(i)

Define specific heat capacity.

[2]

b(ii)

A student carries out an experiment to determine the specific heat capacity of a metal. A cylinder of the metal is heated by a $12 W$ electrical heater. State the readings that the student takes.

[3]

a(i)

Fig. 4.1 is an incomplete ray diagram showing an object O, a converging lens and the principal axis. The focal points of the lens are each labelled F. Complete the ray diagram to draw the image formed by the lens. Label your image I.

[3]

a(ii)

Circle three descriptions in the list which describe the image formed in (i). diminished enlarged inverted same size real upright virtual

[3]

b(i)

State the name for the defect of vision that can be corrected by a converging lens.

[1]

b(ii)

Describe how a converging lens corrects the defect in (i). You may find it helpful to sketch a ray diagram.

[2]

a(i)

Two types of electromagnetic radiation are used in glass optical fibres for high-speed broadband. State the type of electromagnetic radiation, other than visible light, which is used in glass optical fibres.

[1]

a(ii)

Give two reasons why these two types of electromagnetic radiation are used in glass optical fibres for high-speed broadband. 1 ........................................................................................................................................ 2 ........................................................................................................................................

[2]

b(i)

The critical angle of the glass in an optical fibre is $45^{\circ}$ . Calculate the refractive index of the glass. refractive index = .........................................................

[2]

b(ii)

Fig. 5.1 shows an optical fibre made of the glass described in (i). On Fig. 5.1, draw carefully a ray of light in the fibre undergoing total internal reflection.

[2]

An electric heater uses a resistance wire of resistance $26 Ω$ . The power dissipated in the resistance wire is $2500 W$ .

Calculate the current in the resistance wire. current = .........................................................

[3]

The resistance wire of the heater has a length of $1.2 m$ and a cross-sectional area of $7.9 \times 10^{- 7} m^{2}$ . A new heater is designed using wire of the same material with length $1.8 m$ and cross-sectional area $5.8 \times 10^{- 7} m^{2}$ . Calculate the resistance of this wire. resistance = .........................................................

[3]

The $2500 W$ heater is used in a country where electricity costs $0.30 dollars$ per kilowatt-hour. Calculate the cost of using the heater continuously for two days. cost = ............................................. dollars

[2]

The voltage across the primary coil of a 100% efficient transformer is $220 V$ and the voltage across the secondary coil is $12 V$ .

The current in the secondary coil is $2.5 A$ . Calculate the current in the primary coil. current = .........................................................

[3]

Calculate the ratio of the number of turns on the primary coil to the number of turns on the secondary coil of the transformer. ratio = .........................................................

[2]

a(i)

During $β$ -decay, one of the neutrons in the nucleus changes. State what happens to this neutron.

[1]

a(ii)

Explain how charge is conserved during this change.

[2]

Complete the nuclide equation for the $α$ -decay of radon-212 to form an isotope of polonium, symbol Po. $_{86}^{212} Rn \to$

[3]

Fig. 9.1 shows the Sun as the central dot and the planets Saturn, Jupiter and Earth labelled $S_{0}$ , $J_{0}$ and $E_{0}$ . The planets orbit the Sun anticlockwise. From the Earth’s orbit, the planets appear aligned. Assume that Saturn takes 30 years to orbit the Sun and that Jupiter takes 12 years to orbit the Sun.

On Fig. 9.1, mark the positions of Saturn and Jupiter $5.0 years$ after the original positions shown. Label these positions $S_{1}$ and $J_{1}$ . Show your working.

[3]

b(i)

On Fig. 9.1, mark the positions of Saturn and Jupiter 20 years after the original positions shown in Fig. 9.1. Label these positions $S_{2}$ and $J_{2}$ .

[1]

b(ii)

State what is observed from the Earth’s orbit after 20 years.

[1]

c(i)

Choose two words from the list to describe each planet. gaseous large rocky small Jupiter ............................................................................................................................... Earth ..................................................................................................................................

[1]

c(ii)

The average density of Jupiter is much less than that of the Earth. The gravitational field strength at the surface of Jupiter is greater than that at the surface of the Earth. Explain how these differences in density and in gravitational field strength are consistent with your answers to (c)(i). density gravitational field strength

[3]

The average density of Jupiter is $1300 {kg/m}^{3}$ and its volume is $1.4 \times 10^{15} {km}^{3}$ . Calculate the mass of Jupiter. mass = .........................................................

[3]

Show that 1 light-year = $9.5 \times 10^{15} m$ .

[4]

b(i)

State one measurement that is taken when determining the speed $v$ at which a galaxy is moving away from the Earth.

[1]

b(ii)

Write down an equation relating $v$ and the distance $d$ of a far galaxy.

[1]

b(iii)

State how the distance $d$ of a far galaxy can be determined other than by using the equation in (ii).

[1]

Mark scheme

0625/43 · May/June 2023

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1a · 1 mark

B1
1200 N AND $g = W / m$ OR $(W =) m g$ OR $(W =) 120 \times 9.8$

1b · 2 marks

B1
$F = m a$ OR $(a =) F / m$
B1
$(a =) 54 / 120$

1c · 2 marks

A2
$(v =) 3.6 m / s$
C1
$a = (Δ) v / t$ OR $(Δ v =) a t$ OR $(Δ v =) 0.45 \times 8 (.0)$

1d · 2 marks

A2
$(d =) 14 m$
C1
average speed = (total) distance travelled / (total) time taken OR $1.8 \times 8$ OR $(\frac{3.6}{2}) \times 8$

2a(i) · 1 mark

B1
(pressure is) force per unit area

2a(ii) · 2 marks

B1
(variation with depth) increases (as depth increases)
B1
(variation with density) increases (as density increases)

2b · 2 marks

B2
any two from: - geothermal - nuclear - tidal

2c(i) · 2 marks

B1
(statement) non-renewable / not renewable / no
B1
(explanation) (nuclear) fuel is used up

2c(ii) · 2 marks

B1
(statement) renewable / yes
B1
(explanation) waves will always continue OR produced by wind which will always continue OR nothing used up

3a(i) · 2 marks

B1
(greatest) gas
B1
(least) solid

3a(ii) · 3 marks

B3
any three from: - (solids) particles vibrate - (gases) particles move freely - (solids) particles in fixed / close positions - (gases) particles randomly arranged (in container) / wide separation - (gas) particles move quickly

3b(i) · 2 marks

A2
(specific heat capacity is the) energy required to raise 1 kg / unit mass by 1 °C / 1 K / 1 kelvin / unit temperature
C1
energy required per unit mass / 1 kg OR energy required per unit temperature / 1 °C increase / 1 K increase / 1 kelvin increase

3b(ii) · 3 marks

B1
time
B1
mass
B1
initial temperature AND final temperature

4a(i) · 3 marks

M1
two correct rays extended back (towards the intersection)
A1
extended rays intersect
B1
image drawn from intersection to principal axis AND base of image lies in correct range

4a(ii) · 3 marks

B3
circles around: - enlarged - virtual - upright

4b(i) · 1 mark

B1
long-sightedness / long sight / far-sighted

4b(ii) · 2 marks

B1
converging lens reduces focal length of eye OR converging lens brings focal point forward OR without lens, rays converge behind back of eye
B1
(so that) rays converge / focus on back of eye / retina

5a(i) · 1 mark

B1
infrared

5a(ii) · 2 marks

B1
glass is transparent to visible light and (some) IR
B1
(visible light and some IR) can carry high rates of data / information

5b(i) · 2 marks

A2
$(n =) 1.4$
C1
$(n =) 1 / \sin c$ OR $(n =) 1 / \sin c$ OR $(n =) 1 / \sin 45$

5b(ii) · 2 marks

B1
diagram shows that total internal reflection is taking place inside optical fibre
B1
one or more correct reflections with $i > 45^{\circ}$

6a · 3 marks

A3
$(I =) 9.8 A$
C1
$P = I^{2} R$ OR $I^{2} = \frac{P}{R}$ OR $I^{2} = \frac{2500}{26}$
C1
$I^{2} = 2500 / 26$ OR $(I =) \sqrt{(P / R)}$ OR $\sqrt{\frac{2500}{26}}$

6b · 3 marks

A3
$(R =) 53 Ω$
C1
$R \propto l$ OR $1.8 / 1.2$ OR $1.5$ seen as multiplier
C1
$R \propto 1 / A$ OR $7.9 (\times 10^{- 7}) / 5.8 (\times 10^{- 7})$ OR $1.36 (2)$ seen as multiplier

6c · 2 marks

A2
$(cost =) $ 36$
C1
$E = P t$ AND $(cost =) E \times 0.3 (0)$ OR $(cost =) 25 \times 10^{N} \times 2 \times 24 \times 0.3 (0)$ OR $3.6 \times 10^{N} dollars$

7a · 3 marks

A3
$(I_{p} =) 0.14 A$
C1
$V_{p} I_{p} = V_{s} I_{s}$ OR $(I_{p} =) V_{s} I_{s} / V_{p}$ OR $(I_{p} =) 12 \times 2.5 / 220$
C1
$(I_{p} =) 12 \times 2.5 / 220$

7b · 2 marks

A2
$(turns ratio =)$ 18 (: 1)
C1
$N_{p} / N_{s} = V_{p} / V_{s}$ OR $(N_{p} / N_{s} =) V_{p} / V_{s}$ OR $(turns ratio =) 220 / 12$

8a(i) · 1 mark

B1
(neutron) becomes proton and electron OR (neutron) becomes proton and $β$ particle

8a(ii) · 2 marks

B1
charge on neutron = 0 OR total charge on products = 0
B1
charge on proton = +1 AND charge on electron = –1

8b · 3 marks

A3
( $_{86}^{212} Rn \to$ ) $_{84}^{208} Po +_{2}^{4} α$
C2
any two from: - proton numbers balance - nucleon numbers balance - $_{2}^{4} α$ OR $_{2}^{4} He$ seen

9a · 3 marks

A3
both positions correctly marked $S_{1}$ and $J_{1}$ on the diagram
C1
Saturn moved $360 \times 5 / 30 (= 60^{\circ})$ OR $S_{1}$ in correct position
C1
Jupiter moved $360 \times 5 / 12 (= 150^{\circ})$ OR $J_{1}$ in correct position

9b(i) · 1 mark

B1
$S_{2}$ at $240^{\circ}$ AND $J_{2}$ at ( $600^{\circ} - 360^{\circ} =$ ) $240^{\circ}$

9b(ii) · 1 mark

B1
(Saturn and Jupiter) are aligned / Jupiter exactly in front of Saturn / there is a conjunction owtte

9c(i) · 1 mark

B1
(Jupiter) gaseous AND large AND (Earth) rocky AND small

9c(ii) · 3 marks

B3
any three from: (density) - Jupiter has a low density because it is composed of gas / Earth has a high density because it is a solid (gravitational field strength) - Jupiter (has a large GFS so it) has a large mass / Earth (has a small GFS so it) has a small mass - Jupiter’s mass is larger than the Earth’s mass because the volume of Jupiter is larger even though the density of Jupiter is smaller

9d · 3 marks

A3
$(mass =) 1.8 \times 10^{27} kg$
C1
$ρ = m / V$ OR $(m =) ρ V$ OR $(m =) 1300 \times 1.4 \times 10^{15} \times 10^{9}$
C1
$(m =) 1300 \times 1.4 \times 10^{15} \times 10^{9} (kg)$ OR $1.8 (2) \times 10^{N}$

10a · 4 marks

B1
$v = s / t$ OR $(s =) v t$
B1
$(c =) 3 \times 10^{8} (m / s)$
B1
$(1 year =) 365 \times 24 \times 3600 (s)$ OR $3.2 \times 10^{7} (s)$ OR $32 \times 10^{6}$ OR $8760 \times 3600$
B1
$(s =) candidate’s speed of light \times candidate’s time (m)$

10b(i) · 1 mark

B1
change of wavelength (of galaxy’s starlight) OR redshift

10b(ii) · 1 mark

B1
$H_{0} = v / d$

10b(iii) · 1 mark

B1
brightness of a supernova

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IGCSE Physics 0625 Paper 43, May/June 2023

Solve it on ExamPal

Practise

Exam

Question paper

Mark scheme

1a · 1 mark

1b · 2 marks

1c · 2 marks

1d · 2 marks

2a(i) · 1 mark

2a(ii) · 2 marks

2b · 2 marks

2c(i) · 2 marks

2c(ii) · 2 marks

3a(i) · 2 marks

3a(ii) · 3 marks

3b(i) · 2 marks

3b(ii) · 3 marks

4a(i) · 3 marks

4a(ii) · 3 marks

4b(i) · 1 mark

4b(ii) · 2 marks

5a(i) · 1 mark

5a(ii) · 2 marks

5b(i) · 2 marks

5b(ii) · 2 marks

6a · 3 marks

6b · 3 marks

6c · 2 marks

7a · 3 marks

7b · 2 marks

8a(i) · 1 mark

8a(ii) · 2 marks

8b · 3 marks

9a · 3 marks

9b(i) · 1 mark

9b(ii) · 1 mark

9c(i) · 1 mark

9c(ii) · 3 marks

9d · 3 marks

10a · 4 marks

10b(i) · 1 mark

10b(ii) · 1 mark

10b(iii) · 1 mark

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